AUDIO-VIDEO BASED READING LEARNING MODEL FOR MENTALLY- RETARDED STUDENTS

audio-video learning media learningof reading mental retardation

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November 30, 2017
December 8, 2017

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MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA BERBASIS AUDIO-VIDEO
UNTUK SISWA TUNAGRAHITA

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model pembelajaran membaca untuk siswa SDLB C (tunagrahita) dan menerapkan model tersebut pada siswa dengan media (software) yang telah dibuat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan tahap prapengembangan, pengembangan, penerapan model, dan revisi serta pengembangan model. Model pembelajaran dibangun berdasarkan penelusuran pustaka, konsultasi dengan psikolog klinis anak berkebutuhan khusus dan wawancara dengan guru SDLB. Penelitian dilakukan sampai pada tahap penerapan model. Penerapan model dilakukan dengan menggunakan media software pembelajaran berbasis audio-video. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa di 6 SDLB kelas 3 sampai 4 dengan indikasi tunagrahita ringan (hasil tes IQ 50-75) yang belum bisa/belum lancar membaca. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen, yaitu melakukan pretest, treatment dengan model pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan, dan posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, model pembelajaran membaca berbasis auido-video dapat menunjang pembelajaran membaca pada pendidikan luar biasa tingkat dasar. Kedua, nilai pretest, posttest, dan uji statistik lain menunjukan bahwa model pembelajaran membaca berbasis audio-video sangat signifikan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca anak tunagrahita.
Kata kunci: audio-video, pembelajaran membaca, tunagrahita

Abstract

This study was aimed at generating a reading learning model for metally-retarded students in inclusive elementary schools and applying the model using the software that was developed. The study used the Research and Development method with pre-development, development, model implementation, revision, and model development. The learning model was generated from literature review, consultation with clinical psychologists, and interviews with the inclusive school teachers. The application of the model was done by using audio-video based learning media (software). The subjects of this study were the third and fourth grade students in 6 inclusive schools with an indication of mental retardation (IQ test score 50-75) who had not/could not read fluently. The activities were done in an experimental technique consistsing of pretest, treatment with the developed model, and posttest. The results show that first, the model of learning can be one of the solutions that support the learning of reading for the extraordinary level of basic education. Second, the results of pretest, posttest, and statistical test show that the model significantly improve the reading ability of the mental-retarded students.
Keywords: audio-video learning media, learningof reading, mental retardation