Development of E-LKPD based on problem based learning in PPKn subjects at SMP Jihadiyah Palembang

This study aims to develop a problem-based learning E-LKPD for Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) that is valid, practical, and has a potential effect on students’ critical thinking. This research and development (R&D) study adopted the Hannafin and Peck development model with Tessmer’s formative evaluation. The participants were ninth-grade junior high school students. Data were collected through interviews, walkthroughs, questionnaires, observations, and tests. Expert validation yielded scores of 94% for design and 93% for material, both in the very valid category, and 75% for language, in the valid category. The practicality tests showed 85% in the one-to-one stage and 91% in the small-group stage, both in the very practical category. In the field test, observations reached 72.3%, in the good category, and the test results produced an N-Gain of 0.6, in the medium category. These findings indicate that the problem-based learning E-LKPD is valid, practical, and has a potential effect on students’ critical thinking.