Penilaian Muscle Imbalance dengan metode Functional Movement Screen pada atlet baseball sub-elite Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21831/jorpres.v15i2.29516Keywords:
FMS, cedera, muscle imbalance, baseball, injuryAbstract
Baseball adalah cabang olahraga yang memiliki angka kejadian cedera overuse yang tinggi. Risiko cedera akan meningkat bila atlet memiliki ketidakseimbangan otot atau musce imbalance yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan otot hanya pada sisi dominan tanpa melatih sisi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ketidakseimbangan otot pada atlet baseball sub-elite Indonesia menggunakan tes Functional Movement Screen (FMS®). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif potong lintang yang melibatkan atlet baseball mahasiswa laki-laki di Yogyakarta. Lima belas subyek (usia 22.27 + 2.63 tahun, tinggi 167 + 6.59 cm, berat 66.67 + 13.40 kg) berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Subyek melakukan 7 jenis dari pemeriksaan FMS yang terdiri dari (1) Deep Squat, (2) Hurdle Step, (3) Inline Lunges, (4) Shoulder Mobility, (5) Active Straight Leg Raise, (6) Trunk Stability Push-up dan (7) Rotary Stability untuk menilai kelemahan dan ketidak seimbangan otot. Tiga terapis olahraga terlatih menilai subyek dengan nilai "0" sampai "3". Penilaian diberikan berdasar kualitas gerakan dimana nilai "0" diberikan bila subyek gagal atau nyeri dan nilai "3" diberikan bila subyek mampu melakukan gerakan dengan sempurna. Hasil FMS menunjukkan bahwa gerakan deep squat (rata-rata 1.93 + 0.704) dan rotary stability (rata-rata kanan 2,6 + 0,51; kiri 2,47 + 0,52) merupakan gerakan yang paling sulit dilakukan oleh subyek. Nilai shoulder mobility dan rotary stability (nilai perbedaan kanan dan kiri 0.13) menunjukkan terdapat ketidak seimbangan otot pada sisi kanan dan kiri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kelemahan otot terutama otot batang tubuh dan ekstrimitas bawah. Ketidakseimbangan otot sisi kanan dan kiri juga teridentifikasi melalui pemeriksaan FMS ini. Intervensi korektif melalui program latihan penguatan otot dibutuhkan untuk mencegah terjadinya cedera pada atlet.
Muscle Imbalance assessment using Functional Movement Screen method in Indonesian sub-elite baseball athletes
Abstract
Baseball is sport with high incidence of overuse injury. The injury risk will be increased if athlete have muscle imbalance caused by using the dominant side of the body without train the other side. The study aims to identify muscle imbalance of Indonesian sub-elite baseball athletes using Functional Movement Screen (FMS®) test. This descriptive cross-sectional study was recruited male baseball players in Yogyakarta. Fifteen subjects (age 22.27 + 2.63 y.o, height 167 + 6.59 cm, weight 66.67 + 13.40 kg) participated in this study. The subjects underwent 7 type of FMS movements consists of (1) Deep Squat, (2) Hurdle Step, (3) Inline Lunges, (4) Shoulder Mobility, (5) Active Straight Leg Raise, (6) Trunk Stability Push-up and (7) Rotary Stability to screen muscle weakness and imbalance. Three trained sports therapists score the subjects with "0" to "3" range values. Score given based on the quality of movement where score "0" if the subjects fail or pain and the score "3" if subjects perfectly done. The FMS score showed that the deep squat (mean score 1.93 + 0.704) and rotary stability (right 2.6 + 0.51; left 2.47 + 0.52) was the most difficult movement performed by the subjects. Score of shoulder mobility and rotary stability (right-left difference 0.13) indicated right-left muscle imbalance. The results showed that muscle weakness especially core and lower extremity muscle occur on the subjects. Right-left side imbalance also detected by FMS test. Corrective intervention using strengthening exercise program is needed to prevent injuries of the athletes.
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