Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan
Journal title Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan Initials Jurnal Civics Abbreviations j.civ Frequency Biannually (April and October) DOI Prefix 10.21831 ISSN 2541-1918 (Online) | 1829-5789 (Print) Editor-in-chief Prof. Dr. Suyato, M.Pd. Publisher Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta License Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan (Civics) is a peer-reviewed journal that delves into the discourse and practice of citizenship studies in diverse contexts. This journal focuses on the dimensions and perspectives of cultural diversity, gender equality and social justice, education and learning citizenship (civic education), politics of citizenship, morals, political education and literacy, law of citizen awareness, and ideology of national and global scope. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, initially published by UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA in 2010, transitioned to an online platform in 2016. 2019 Civics was published with the INDONESIA ASSOCIATION OF PANCASILA AND CIVIC EDUCATION (AP3KnI). This journal has been ACCREDITED by the National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) and managed by the Ministry of Research and Technology, Republic of Indonesia, with SINTA 1 from Vol. 20 Number 2 2020 until Vol. 25 Number 1 2028 according to the decree Number 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025. Jurnal Civics has at least 120 citations in the SCOPUS database as of March 2026.
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Mass media as an instrument for political education of young generation: Opportunities and challenges in the digital era
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Digital populism in political communication research: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis (2015-2025)
Beyond quotas: Women’s substantive participation and democratic consolidation in Timor-Leste
Women’s participation in public policy-making is a cornerstone of democratic governance, especially in post-conflict contexts such as Timor-Leste. Despite achieving 38% parliamentary representation in 2023 through quota legislation, women’s substantive influence remains constrained by entrenched patriarchal norms, elite gatekeeping, institutional weaknesses, and persistent gender-based violence. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by shifting the analytical focus from descriptive representation to substantive representation—examining how women shape policy agendas, exercise agency, and contribute to governance outcomes once inside institutions. Employing a systematic literature review (2015–2025) guided by PRISMA 2020, the research synthesises peer-reviewed studies, institutional reports, and policy documents. The analysis is framed through critical actor theory, feminist institutionalism, and intersectionality, highlighting how formal and informal dynamics intersect to shape women’s agency. Findings reveal three dimensions. First, women face structural, institutional, and cultural barriers that limit their influence on policy despite numerical gains. Second, strategies such as leadership training, coalition-building, gender-responsive budgeting, and protective measures against political violence are crucial for translating presence into power. Third, women’s substantive participation contributes directly to democratic consolidation by broadening representation, enhancing accountability, and fostering legitimacy in fragile contexts. Comparative insights from Rwanda and Nepal demonstrate both the promise and limitations of quota-driven reforms, underscoring that institutional design must be complemented by cultural transformation. The study contributes theoretically by integrating multi-layered frameworks into debates on gender and governance; empirically, by situating Timor-Leste within comparative post-conflict scholarship; and practically, by offering policy recommendations aligned with SDG 5 and SDG 16, as well as ASEAN gender frameworks. It concludes that sustainable democratic governance requires moving beyond quotas toward structural reforms and cultural change that secure women’s substantive empowerment.
The evolution of Turkish nationalism: From the Ottoman empire to the Republic of Turkiye
Digital citizenship for sustainable development goals: A character-based approach in civic education
Mapping the “Aksi Bela Islam 212” effect: Redefining identity politics in Indonesian scholarship 2011–2023
Although identity politics dominates contemporary debates, little systematic research has examined how its discursive use has narrowed interpretations in Indonesia. This study addresses that gap by tracing shifts in Indonesian academic discourse between 2011 and 2023 through a systematic literature review and content analysis of sixty peer-reviewed articles, using Foucault’s genealogical approach. The findings show that during the baseline period of 2011–2015, identity politics was framed mainly as a cultural and ethnic phenomenon or as the logical consequence of plural democracy. A major rupture occurred in 2016–2017, coinciding with the “Aksi Bela Islam 212” movement and the Jakarta gubernatorial election, when religious identity was electorally mobilised and quickly institutionalised as the dominant academic frame. By 2019, academic discourse overwhelmingly reduced identity politics to a nexus between religion and elections, often framed in terms of polarisation and threats to democracy. Meanwhile, alternative articulations such as gender or ethnic empowerment appeared only sporadically and remained marginalised. This narrowing indicates how Indonesian scholarship has privileged high-profile religious–electoral conflicts over broader, emancipatory understandings of identity politics. The study thus underscores how discourse, power, and knowledge production interact in shaping identity politics in post-authoritarian Indonesia.
Community policy model in preventing pedophilia crimes in the community on an ongoing basis from the perspective of community citizenship policy
Mapping of global citizenship research in Indonesia 2011-2025: A bibliometric study
This study explores the landscape of global citizenship education (GCE) in Indonesia from 2011 to 2025. Despite being a critical issue closely linked to national values such as Pancasila and religious moderation, the current discourse remains fragmented. Using a bibliometric approach with the Bibliometrix R package and Scopus data, the research maps publication trends, keywords, and collaboration networks. Findings reveal a significant surge in publications since 2019, peaking in 2023, driven by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and national policy shifts. While character education and democracy remain dominant themes, newer topics like digital citizenship and religious moderation are emerging. However, research is heavily concentrated in Javanese teacher-training institutions and lacks global collaboration. Vital gaps include a low integration of ecological issues and a limited interdisciplinary focus. The study concludes that future research must bridge these gaps by prioritising digital literacy and environmental sustainability within the framework of Indonesian citizenship education
Freedom and borders: A theory of citizenship for the age of globalization
Navigating citizenship in an era of global uncertainty
Reimagining citizenship in electoral times: Lessons from Gen Z’s digital civics prototypes for Indonesia’s 2024 election
This study examines how the Indonesian Generation Z reimagines the role of citizenship in electoral democracy by developing 11 digital civic prototypes for the 2024 election. This study used Schreier's Qualitative Content Analysis method on prototype documents developed by students of the Political Science Study Program at Brawijaya University. The analysis maps three dimensions of Marshallian rights civil, political, and social and the Westheimer-Kahne citizen typology, adding the categories of digital acts and connective action. The results showed a paradigm shift in citizenship from passive voters to participatory citizens through transparent access to candidate information, online channels for public aspirations, and discussion forums for political deliberation. The majority of prototypes emphasize digital-political literacy and the inclusion of young, first-time, and out-of-town voters by utilizing simple language, infographics, and interactive social media campaigns, including elements of gamification and peer mobilization typical of Gen Z. Dimensions of democratic ethics such as anti-abstention education and anti-money politics are quite strong, but social justice orientation and representation of marginalized groups are relatively weak. These findings confirm that the reimagining of citizenship practised by Gen Z in Indonesia focuses on expanding inclusive and ethical electoral access and participation while also revealing the need to strengthen the justice-oriented dimension of citizenship so that civic tech innovation can serve as a more equitable democratic infrastructure. This study provides conceptual and practical implications for educators, policymakers, and election organisers to adopt a collaborative, literacy-based, youth-friendly civic technology approach.
Institutional isomorphism and community politicisation: A theoretical and empirical comparison between Indonesia and Japan
This research aims to explore how global pressures, international standards, and institutional structures affect the development and effectiveness of community politicisation, focusing on the similarities and differences between the two countries. This research uses a qualitative method, analysing secondary data from interviews, digital platforms, and public sources, complemented by textual analysis and social network analysis. These findings highlight the key role of isomorphism in standardising politicisation practices, with Indonesia and Japan both adopting community politicisation models to increase public trust and cooperation. However, significant differences were observed in the execution of these models, especially in the level of community involvement and the historical context of their implementation. While Japan's political system has matured through policies and structures such as "koban" and "chuzaisyo", Indonesia faces challenges related to limited resources and community diversity. The research concludes that the success of community politicisation depends on the effective adaptation of isomorphisms to local needs, emphasising the importance of community participation, human resource development, and periodic evaluations for sustainability and effectiveness. Further research should explore the impact of local adaptation and innovation on community politicisation outcomes.
A comparative study of the Indonesia-Malaysia border regions
This study aims to investigate the socio-cultural, economic, and educational aspects of border communities between Indonesia and Malaysia, with a focus on the Malay and Dayak ethnic groups in Paloh (Sambas Regency) and Jagoi Babang (Bengkayang Regency). Persistent disparities in welfare, educational quality, and national integration in Indonesia’s border regions have weakened nationalism and increased socio-economic dependence on Malaysia. On the border, civic education plays a crucial role in strengthening Indonesian nationalism, despite the community’s economic dependence on Malaysia. Through flag ceremonies, character education, and the integration of local wisdom into the curriculum, schools function as the final bastion of nationalism, safeguarding the national identity of the younger generation in the face of economic inequality and transnational influences. Using a qualitative approach that integrates ethnographic and etnopedagogic methods, data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that Indonesian border communities experience a dual identity, marked by both symbolic loyalty to Indonesia and pragmatic attachment to Sarawak, Malaysia. Economic disparities between the two countries, especially in access to infrastructure, education, and labour markets, have heightened social dependency and eroded Indonesia’s national identity. However, the integration of local wisdom and etnopedagogic practices in education in both countries has proven effective in strengthening cultural resilience, social cohesion, and national consciousness among students. Cultural rituals such as Gawai Dayak serve as transnational spaces of solidarity that both connect and differentiate the two nations.
Implementation and violations of election principles in the 2024 Presidential and Vice-Presidential elections of the Republic of Indonesia
The 2024 presidential and vice-presidential elections in Indonesia were among the most controversial political events in Indonesia's post-reform history. These elections were marked by complex political dynamics, including the involvement of President Joko Widodo's eldest son as a vice-presidential candidate, who had previously failed to meet the minimum age requirement under the Election Law. The Constitutional Court then decided to change the age limit through Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023, thereby opening the way for the candidate concerned to participate in the election contest. This decision sparked public controversy because it was considered fraught with conflicts of interest and had the potential to undermine the principle of neutrality in the conduct of elections. This study aims to analyse the implementation of the electoral principles stipulated in Article 22E of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, namely direct, universal, free, confidential, honest, and fair elections, in the 2024 Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections. The method used is legal research with a socio-legal approach, using document studies, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD) with election organisers and supervisors. The data were analysed qualitatively using the Miles, Huberman and Saldana model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The study's results show that the principles of direct and universal suffrage have been well implemented. On the other hand, the principles of free, confidential, honest, and fair elections have not been fully implemented as stipulated. Various violations were found, including money politics, the non-neutrality of organisers, power intervention, and vote steering in certain environments. These conditions indicate that democratic principles in Indonesia's elections remain weak, especially in the 2024 presidential and vice-presidential elections. This study also found that weak law enforcement against election violations and suboptimal coordination between supervisory institutions have exacerbated the situation, necessitated institutional reform and strengthened oversight mechanisms and public participation to ensure the full implementation of election principles in the future.
Collective resistance and institutional change: Feminist movements and victims' organizations in Mexico’s fight against impunity
Mexico faces a crisis of impunity marked by femicidal violence, disappearances, and institutional flaws. This study examines how feminist and victims' groups resist impunity by analysing their strategies, conditions for change, and justice reforms. Using mixed methods, the research analysed 847 events from 2014-2024 through content analysis, along with 32 interviews and 385 documents. Techniques like regression and network analysis identified patterns and key factors. Movements fight impunity by exposing state failures, creating alternative knowledge, using international frameworks, disrupting normalcy, and raising visibility. Events with legal and direct tactics were 3.17 times more likely to prompt responses (p<0.001), and coalitions increased this to 2.21 (p<0.001). Only 5.5% led to documented action, with responses often punctuated and temporary. Organisational efforts between feminist and victims' groups grew from 12.7% (2014-2019) to 31.4% (2020-2024), showing strategic alignment. Findings reveal an insurgent accountability system where civil society fills state gaps. Effective accountability involves diverse tactics, engaging institutions, external pressure, and strong coalitions. These insights enhance understanding of social movements, accountability, and justice amidst high impunity.
Social media: A means of developing generation z's political participation in the digital era
This article elaborates on generation Z's information seeking patterns through social media and the development of their political participation. This research used a qualitative - descriptive design, conducted in the city of Pekanbaru with 296 generation Z who were interviewed directly and by filling in a Google form. The research was conducted in the time span of September-October 2024. Data analysis techniques used the Miles and Huberman model. The triangulation technique uses data source triangulation. The research results found that (1) 69.9% of informants preferred to use social media in searching for political information compared to news websites (24.7%), television (1%) and YouTube channels (1%) for the reasons that they were easy to access and understand, practical , more complete and up to date, as well as a more attractive appearance and does not contain much writing; (2) 57.1% of informants follow certain politicians' accounts and 42.9% say they do not follow them. Regarding political news posts on social media, 33% of informants stated that they often left comments on these posts and others did not. For those who answered no, the reasons were various, such as responding only inwardly, making it a topic of daily discussion, giving "likes and dislikes" marks on posts, spreading the post on other social media or reporting the account. It is recommended that related parties be able to provide digital literacy-based voter education to generation Z as the next generation of national leadership in the future.
A The Indonesia-Malaysia border as a simulacrum of nationalism: A hyperreality study of the Jagoi Babang community in West Kalimantan
In this article, we investigate how the simulacra perpetrated by Malaysia and the efforts of the border communities of Jagoi Babang to maintain their identity through a spirit of nationalism towards Indonesia. The border region is a complex space that requires a thorough understanding to avoid being affected by the simulacra perpetrated by the neighbouring country. Drawing on Baudrillard's theories of hyperreality and simulacra, this research explores how border communities filter the various simulacra efforts by Malaysia to change the reality of border communities towards Indonesia. A case study approach involving observation, documentation, and interviews with 15 informants from various backgrounds. The research findings show that the Malaysian state performs simulacra by providing easy access to various facilities, such as educational and health services, as well as to economic opportunities, such as shopping and the use of the ringgit in transactions. In addition, this study shows the efforts of border communities to filter simulacra by strengthening nationalism in Indonesia through the use of Indonesian and local languages, as well as through cultural defence, regularly conducting cultural activities and collaborating with related elements. This study provides practical implications for border communities, government and social workers, especially in designing policies to defend the sovereignty and nationalism of the Indonesian nation.
Roots and resilience: Tracing the rise of conservative Islamic movements in Indonesia
Although Indonesia is not formally an Islamic state, the idea of establishing one has remained a recurring theme in the country’s political discourse. From the pre-independence period to the reform era, discussions surrounding the Islamic state have persisted and never entirely disappeared. The notion continues to develop, reflecting the aspirations of specific segments of Indonesia's Muslim population. These groups, often referred to as conservative Islamic factions, are characterised by their adherence to textual interpretations of Islamic teachings and their desire to integrate religion and state within a legal and governmental framework. The emergence of conservative Islamic groups in Indonesia was not a spontaneous phenomenon. Instead, their development follows a long historical trajectory traceable to the pre-independence or nationalist movement period, when the country was still under colonial rule. During this era, the embryonic idea of an Islamic state began to take shape within Sarekat Islam (SI), the most prominent Islamic organisation in the archipelago. SI would later serve as a precursor to the rise of other Islamic movements, such as Masyumi and DI/TII, which also pursued the formal integration of religion into state structures. However, the aspirations of these conservative Islamic groups for an independent Indonesia grounded in Islamic principles were ultimately thwarted during the BPUPKI session on June 1, 1945, when Pancasila was adopted as the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state.
AI-driven service quality and customer engagement: The mediating role of digital empathy and cognitive absorption
This study aims to investigate how AI-driven service quality (AISQ) influences customer engagement (CE) in the e-commerce industry in Pakistan. This study examines the mediation of digital empathy (DE) and cognitive absorption (CA). It concerns discovering how AI-driven service quality affects customer interactions through emotional and cognitive processes. Through an online survey, data were collected from 321 e-commerce clients in Pakistan. The current study used convenience sampling. A five-point questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistical tool SPSS 22.0 was used for correlation and regression analysis. The conceptual framework was built on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Trust-Commitment Theory (TCT) to determine the association among AISQ, DE, CA, and CE. The proposed hypotheses and their mediation effects were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings of the present study indicate that AISQ has a positive impact on CE. DE and CA play an important role in mediating this relationship. The results of this study show that when customers perceive AI-based services as empathetic and interesting, they are more likely to become engaged with an e-commerce platform. This paper is a contribution to the research on AI and customer behaviour, as it reveals that DE and CA are significant intermediate variables between AISQ and CE. The results are valuable to e-commerce leaders in Pakistan, helping them improve customer engagement and loyalty through emotive, compelling AI solutions.
The threat of animated films to national disintegration in the dimension of character formation of alpha generation
Implementation of augmented reality-based digital citizenship to improve students’ nationality communication skills in higher education
Understanding students' readiness for artificial intelligence-based project learning in strengthening local wisdom values
This study aimed to measure students’ readiness to implement artificial intelligence-based project learning by strengthening local wisdom values in Indonesia. Using a quantitative survey method, the participants in this study were 285 program students from universities in Indonesia, namely Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, and Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, who were randomly assigned to ensure balanced representation across academic years. The study was an online, objective test on an artificial intelligence-based project aimed at strengthening local wisdom values. Data analysis was used with descriptive quantitative methods. The results of the analysis showed that students’ readiness in artificial intelligence-based project learning for strengthening local wisdom values was at the “good” level of awareness, while other indicators were at the “fair” and “poor” levels, indicating the need for further improvement on artificial intelligence-based project learning for strengthening local wisdom values in Indonesia. These findings underscore the importance of integrating artificial intelligence-based project learning to strengthen local wisdom values. Thus, this study recommended the development of specialised training on artificial intelligence-based project learning to reinforce local wisdom values and to incorporate local wisdom materials into the learning curriculum to equip students with the necessary skills for the development of artificial intelligence.
The influence of teachers’ professional and pedagogical competence on the enhancement of students’ civic knowledge
Indigenous ecological wisdom as civic virtue: The Tiaytiki practice in Papua, Indonesia
Revitalizing the Lampung language through illustrated conversation books: A sociolinguistic approach
Building ecological citizenship awareness for a healthy Indonesia
Women's resilience against politically driven digital violence and legal responses analysis in Indonesia
Pedagogical innovations and structural barriers in cultivating participatory civic skills in Indonesian higher education
Beyond the 'official' religions: A normative framework for religious recognition in Indonesia
Democratic regression and the rise of electoral illiberalism in Indonesia: A multi-dimensional analysis (1998-2024)
The effect of digital ethics as a civic virtue on chatgpt misuse behavior among high school students
The impact of cafes on the socialisation patterns and social interaction of young people in the digital era
Police transformation within constitutional democracy design: Evidence from Indonesia
Polri's institutional position following the 1998 political transition remains a contested terrain, particularly in reconciling operational independence with the demands of democratic governance. This study investigates how Polri has navigated that tension, drawing on a mixed-methods design that integrates diagnostic mapping of 130 institutional problems, structured surveys with 167 experts distributed across 50 districts and cities, and comparative analysis of policing frameworks in France and the Netherlands. The findings expose a fundamental contradiction within Act No. 2/2002: while the legislation formally separates Polri from military structures, it simultaneously creates an accountability vacuum, a concern reflected in the 61.7% unfavorable expert assessments. Field data further document three entrenched dysfunctions a militaristic organizational culture, integrity failures concentrated in investigative units, and chronic service deficiencies flagged repeatedly in ombudsman evaluations between 2020 and 2023. Building on these findings, the study advances a transformation framework organized around four mutually reinforcing pillars: humanist policing grounded in rights protection, anti-corruption governance through merit-based systems, technology-enabled service modernization, and community-centered precision policing. Proposed reforms target legislative revision, professional education restructuring, and the development of civilian oversight mechanisms with genuine supervisory authority. The study offers a replicable analytical model for evaluating police reform trajectories in post-authoritarian democratic settings.
Project citizen digital: A learning model of civic education in digital age